HayIoT: An IoT Standardization Architecture

Abstract

Over the years, different sensor technologies have been developed based on various protocols, measurement types, and timing mechanisms, among other characteristics. Even sensors designed for similar purposes can use different technologies, giving rise to a data standardization challenge. With the growing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices integrated into computing systems, the complexity and heterogeneity of the data continue to escalate. To address this, it becomes urgent to design IoT architectures that enable seamless integration and standardization of sensor data to incorporate the rising variety of devices. In this work, we introduce HayIoT, an architecture that uses the haystack standardization technology to record and store data from diverse IoT devices suitable for a built environment. The key concept is to include an Application Programming Interface (API) designed for data standardization and integration, along with a choice of a hybrid database for efficient data storage from IoT devices and their corresponding data models. We validate the proposed architecture by deploying it at a large university campus and taking advantage of the characteristics of the selected database, we address a practical challenge about data access and IoT interoperability. Additionally, optimizations were made to enhance the proposed architecture's efficiency and interoperability with IoT devices.